LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - drr - DRR.cpp (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage
Test: plumed test coverage Lines: 332 356 93.3 %
Date: 2025-11-25 13:55:50 Functions: 24 25 96.0 %

          Line data    Source code
       1             : /* +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
       2             :     Copyright (c) 2017 of Haochuan Chen (excluding colvar_UIestimator.h)
       3             :     Copyright (c) 2017 of Haohao Fu (colvar_UIestimator.h)
       4             : 
       5             :     This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
       6             :     it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
       7             :     by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
       8             :     (at your option) any later version.
       9             : 
      10             :     This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
      11             :     but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
      12             :     MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
      13             :     GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
      14             : 
      15             :     You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
      16             :     along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
      17             : +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ */
      18             : #ifdef __PLUMED_HAS_BOOST_SERIALIZATION
      19             : #include "DRR.h"
      20             : 
      21             : namespace PLMD {
      22             : namespace drr {
      23             : 
      24             : using std::vector;
      25             : using std::string;
      26             : using std::begin;
      27             : using std::end;
      28             : 
      29           0 : bool DRRAxis::isInBoundary(double x) const {
      30           0 :   if (x < min || x > max) {
      31             :     return false;
      32             :   } else {
      33           0 :     return true;
      34             :   }
      35             : }
      36             : 
      37        5860 : bool DRRAxis::isRealPeriodic() const {
      38        5860 :   if (periodic == true) {
      39        5808 :     if (std::abs(domainMax - max) < binWidth &&
      40        5796 :         std::abs(domainMin - min) < binWidth) {
      41             :       return true;
      42             :     } else {
      43          12 :       return false;
      44             :     }
      45             :   } else {
      46             :     return false;
      47             :   }
      48             : }
      49             : 
      50           4 : DRRAxis DRRAxis::merge(const DRRAxis &d1, const DRRAxis &d2) {
      51           4 :   const double newmin = std::min(d1.min, d2.min);
      52           4 :   const double newmax = std::max(d1.max, d2.max);
      53           4 :   const double newWidth = d1.binWidth;
      54           4 :   const size_t newbins = size_t(std::nearbyint((newmax - newmin) / newWidth));
      55           4 :   const bool newpbc = d1.periodic;
      56           4 :   const double newdmin = std::min(d1.domainMin, d2.domainMin);
      57           4 :   const double newdmax = std::max(d1.domainMax, d2.domainMax);
      58             :   DRRAxis result(newmin, newmax, newbins, newpbc, newdmin, newdmax);
      59           4 :   return result;
      60             : }
      61             : 
      62          60 : vector<double> DRRAxis::getMiddlePoints() {
      63          60 :   vector<double> result(nbins, 0);
      64          60 :   const double width = binWidth;
      65          60 :   double temp = min - width / 2;
      66          60 :   std::generate(begin(result), end(result), [&temp, &width]() {
      67        3382 :     temp += width;
      68             :     return temp;
      69             :   });
      70          60 :   return result;
      71             : }
      72             : 
      73     2407170 : size_t DRRForceGrid::index1D(const DRRAxis &c, double x) {
      74     2407170 :   size_t idx = size_t(std::floor((x - c.min) / c.binWidth));
      75     2407170 :   idx = (idx == c.nbins) ? (c.nbins - 1) : idx;
      76     2407170 :   return idx;
      77             : }
      78             : 
      79          34 : void DRRForceGrid::fillTable(const vector<vector<double>> &in) {
      80          34 :   table.resize(ndims, vector<double>(sampleSize, 0));
      81          82 :   for (size_t i = 0; i < ndims; ++i) {
      82             :     size_t repeatAll = 1, repeatOne = 1;
      83          62 :     for (size_t j = i + 1; j < ndims; ++j) {
      84          14 :       repeatOne *= in[j].size();
      85             :     }
      86          62 :     for (size_t j = 0; j < i; ++j) {
      87          14 :       repeatAll *= in[j].size();
      88             :     }
      89             :     size_t in_i_sz = in[i].size();
      90        3390 :     for (size_t l = 0; l < in_i_sz; ++l) {
      91        3342 :       std::fill_n(begin(table[i]) + l * repeatOne, repeatOne, in[i][l]);
      92             :     }
      93         784 :     for (size_t k = 0; k < repeatAll - 1; ++k)
      94         736 :       std::copy_n(begin(table[i]), repeatOne * in_i_sz,
      95         736 :                   begin(table[i]) + repeatOne * in_i_sz * (k + 1));
      96             :   }
      97          34 : }
      98             : 
      99          38 : DRRForceGrid::DRRForceGrid()
     100          38 :   : suffix(""), ndims(0), dimensions(0), sampleSize(0),
     101          38 :     headers(""), table(0), forces(0), samples(0), endpoints(0), shifts(0),
     102          76 :     outputunit(1.0) {}
     103             : 
     104          26 : DRRForceGrid::DRRForceGrid(const vector<DRRAxis> &p_dimensions,
     105          26 :                            const string &p_suffix, bool initializeTable)
     106          26 :   : suffix(p_suffix), ndims(p_dimensions.size()), dimensions(p_dimensions) {
     107          26 :   sampleSize = 1;
     108          26 :   vector<vector<double>> mp(ndims);
     109          26 :   std::stringstream ss;
     110          26 :   ss << "# " << ndims << '\n';
     111          26 :   shifts.resize(ndims, 0);
     112          26 :   shifts[0] = 1;
     113          64 :   for (size_t i = 0; i < ndims; ++i) {
     114          38 :     sampleSize = dimensions[i].nbins * sampleSize;
     115          38 :     mp[i] = dimensions[i].getMiddlePoints();
     116          38 :     if (i > 0) {
     117          12 :       shifts[i] = shifts[i - 1] * dimensions[i - 1].nbins;
     118             :     }
     119             :     ss.precision(std::numeric_limits<double>::max_digits10);
     120          76 :     ss << std::fixed << "# " << dimensions[i].min << ' '
     121          76 :        << dimensions[i].binWidth << ' ' << dimensions[i].nbins;
     122          38 :     if (dimensions[i].isPeriodic()) {
     123          56 :       ss << " 1" << '\n';
     124             :     } else {
     125          20 :       ss << " 0" << '\n';
     126             :     }
     127             :   }
     128          26 :   headers = ss.str();
     129          26 :   if (initializeTable) {
     130          18 :     fillTable(mp);
     131             :   }
     132          26 :   forces.resize(sampleSize * ndims, 0.0);
     133          26 :   samples.resize(sampleSize, 0);
     134          26 :   outputunit = 1.0;
     135             :   // For 1D pmf
     136          26 :   if (ndims == 1) {
     137          14 :     endpoints.resize(dimensions[0].nbins + 1, 0);
     138          14 :     double ep = dimensions[0].min;
     139          14 :     double stride = dimensions[0].binWidth;
     140         882 :     for (auto &i : endpoints) {
     141         868 :       i = ep;
     142         868 :       ep += stride;
     143             :     }
     144             :   }
     145          26 : }
     146             : 
     147      393846 : bool DRRForceGrid::isInBoundary(const vector<double> &pos) const {
     148             :   bool result = true;
     149     1175042 :   for (size_t i = 0; i < ndims; ++i) {
     150      782805 :     if (pos[i] < dimensions[i].min || pos[i] > dimensions[i].max) {
     151             :       return false;
     152             :     }
     153             :   }
     154             :   return result;
     155             : }
     156             : 
     157     1012383 : size_t DRRForceGrid::sampleAddress(const vector<double> &pos) const {
     158             :   size_t saddr = 0;
     159     3029541 :   for (size_t i = 0; i < ndims; ++i) {
     160     2017158 :     saddr += shifts[i] * index1D(dimensions[i], pos[i]);
     161             :   }
     162     1012383 :   return saddr;
     163             : }
     164             : 
     165        1723 : bool DRRForceGrid::store(const vector<double> &pos, const vector<double> &f,
     166             :                          unsigned long int nsamples) {
     167        1723 :   if (isInBoundary(pos)) {
     168        1714 :     if (nsamples == 0) {
     169             :       return true;
     170             :     }
     171         914 :     const size_t baseaddr = sampleAddress(pos);
     172         914 :     samples[baseaddr] += nsamples;
     173         914 :     auto it_fa = begin(forces) + baseaddr * ndims;
     174         914 :     std::transform(begin(f), end(f), it_fa, it_fa, std::plus<double>());
     175         914 :     return true;
     176             :   } else {
     177             :     return false;
     178             :   }
     179             : }
     180             : 
     181           4 : vector<DRRAxis> DRRForceGrid::merge(const vector<DRRAxis> &dA,
     182             :                                     const vector<DRRAxis> &dB) {
     183           4 :   vector<DRRAxis> dR(dA.size());
     184           4 :   std::transform(begin(dA), end(dA), begin(dB), begin(dR), DRRAxis::merge);
     185           4 :   return dR;
     186             : }
     187             : 
     188             : vector<double>
     189        1600 : DRRForceGrid::getAccumulatedForces(const vector<double> &pos) const {
     190        1600 :   vector<double> result(ndims, 0);
     191        1600 :   if (!isInBoundary(pos)) {
     192             :     return result;
     193             :   }
     194         800 :   const size_t force_addr = sampleAddress(pos) * ndims;
     195         800 :   std::copy(begin(forces) + force_addr, begin(forces) + force_addr + ndims,
     196             :             begin(result));
     197         800 :   return result;
     198             : }
     199             : 
     200       67612 : unsigned long int DRRForceGrid::getCount(const vector<double> &pos,
     201             :     bool SkipCheck) const {
     202       67612 :   if (!SkipCheck) {
     203        1600 :     if (!isInBoundary(pos)) {
     204             :       return 0;
     205             :     }
     206             :   }
     207       66812 :   return samples[sampleAddress(pos)];
     208             : }
     209             : 
     210      195576 : vector<double> DRRForceGrid::getGradient(const vector<double> &pos,
     211             :     bool SkipCheck) const {
     212      195576 :   vector<double> result(ndims, 0);
     213      195576 :   if (!SkipCheck) {
     214      162000 :     if (!isInBoundary(pos)) {
     215             :       return result;
     216             :     }
     217             :   }
     218      195576 :   const size_t baseaddr = sampleAddress(pos);
     219             :   const unsigned long int &count = samples[baseaddr];
     220      195576 :   if (count == 0) {
     221             :     return result;
     222             :   }
     223      195411 :   auto it_fa = begin(forces) + baseaddr * ndims;
     224      195411 :   std::transform(it_fa, it_fa + ndims, begin(result),
     225      389802 :   [&count](double fa) {
     226      389802 :     return (-1.0) * fa / count;
     227             :   });
     228      195411 :   return result;
     229             : }
     230             : 
     231       64800 : double DRRForceGrid::getDivergence(const vector<double> &pos) const {
     232             :   double div = 0.0;
     233       64800 :   vector<double> grad_deriv(ndims, 0.0);
     234       64800 :   if (!isInBoundary(pos)) {
     235             :     return div;
     236             :   }
     237       64800 :   const size_t force_addr = sampleAddress(pos) * ndims;
     238       64800 :   vector<double> grad = getGradient(pos);
     239      194400 :   for (size_t i = 0; i < ndims; ++i) {
     240      129600 :     const double binWidth = dimensions[i].binWidth;
     241      129600 :     vector<double> first = pos;
     242      129600 :     first[i] = dimensions[i].min + binWidth * 0.5;
     243      129600 :     vector<double> last = pos;
     244      129600 :     last[i] = dimensions[i].max - binWidth * 0.5;
     245      129600 :     const size_t force_addr_first = sampleAddress(first) * ndims;
     246      129600 :     const size_t force_addr_last = sampleAddress(last) * ndims;
     247      129600 :     if (force_addr == force_addr_first) {
     248         720 :       if (dimensions[i].isRealPeriodic() == true) {
     249         720 :         vector<double> next = pos;
     250         720 :         next[i] += binWidth;
     251         720 :         const vector<double> grad_next = getGradient(next);
     252         720 :         const vector<double> grad_prev = getGradient(last);
     253         720 :         grad_deriv[i] = (grad_next[i] - grad_prev[i]) / (2.0 * binWidth);
     254             :       } else {
     255           0 :         vector<double> next = pos;
     256           0 :         next[i] += binWidth;
     257           0 :         vector<double> next_2 = next;
     258           0 :         next_2[i] += binWidth;
     259           0 :         const vector<double> grad_next = getGradient(next);
     260           0 :         const vector<double> grad_next_2 = getGradient(next_2);
     261           0 :         grad_deriv[i] =
     262           0 :           (grad_next_2[i] * -1.0 + grad_next[i] * 4.0 - grad[i] * 3.0) /
     263           0 :           (2.0 * binWidth);
     264             :       }
     265      128880 :     } else if (force_addr == force_addr_last) {
     266         720 :       if (dimensions[i].isRealPeriodic() == true) {
     267         720 :         vector<double> prev = pos;
     268         720 :         prev[i] -= binWidth;
     269         720 :         const vector<double> grad_next = getGradient(first);
     270         720 :         const vector<double> grad_prev = getGradient(prev);
     271         720 :         grad_deriv[i] = (grad_next[i] - grad_prev[i]) / (2.0 * binWidth);
     272             :       } else {
     273           0 :         vector<double> prev = pos;
     274           0 :         prev[i] -= binWidth;
     275           0 :         vector<double> prev_2 = prev;
     276           0 :         prev_2[i] -= binWidth;
     277           0 :         const vector<double> grad_prev = getGradient(prev);
     278           0 :         const vector<double> grad_prev_2 = getGradient(prev_2);
     279           0 :         grad_deriv[i] =
     280           0 :           (grad[i] * 3.0 - grad_prev[i] * 4.0 + grad_prev_2[i] * 1.0) /
     281           0 :           (2.0 * binWidth);
     282             :       }
     283             :     } else {
     284      128160 :       vector<double> prev = pos;
     285      128160 :       prev[i] -= binWidth;
     286      128160 :       vector<double> next = pos;
     287      128160 :       next[i] += binWidth;
     288      128160 :       const vector<double> grad_next = getGradient(next);
     289      128160 :       const vector<double> grad_prev = getGradient(prev);
     290      128160 :       grad_deriv[i] = (grad_next[i] - grad_prev[i]) / (2.0 * binWidth);
     291             :     }
     292             :   }
     293             :   div = std::accumulate(begin(grad_deriv), end(grad_deriv), 0.0);
     294             :   return div;
     295             : }
     296             : 
     297             : vector<double>
     298      195576 : DRRForceGrid::getCountsLogDerivative(const vector<double> &pos) const {
     299      195576 :   const size_t addr = sampleAddress(pos);
     300      195576 :   const unsigned long int count_this = samples[addr];
     301      195576 :   vector<double> result(ndims, 0);
     302      585588 :   for (size_t i = 0; i < ndims; ++i) {
     303      390012 :     const double binWidth = dimensions[i].binWidth;
     304             :     const size_t addr_first =
     305      390012 :       addr - shifts[i] * index1D(dimensions[i], pos[i]) + 0;
     306      390012 :     const size_t addr_last = addr_first + shifts[i] * (dimensions[i].nbins - 1);
     307      390012 :     if (addr == addr_first) {
     308        2210 :       if (dimensions[i].isRealPeriodic() == true) {
     309        2178 :         const unsigned long int &count_next = samples[addr + shifts[i]];
     310             :         const unsigned long int &count_prev = samples[addr_last];
     311        2178 :         if (count_next != 0 && count_prev != 0)
     312        2160 :           result[i] =
     313        2160 :             (std::log(count_next) - std::log(count_prev)) / (2 * binWidth);
     314             :       } else {
     315          32 :         const unsigned long int &count_next = samples[addr + shifts[i]];
     316          32 :         const unsigned long int &count_next2 = samples[addr + shifts[i] * 2];
     317          32 :         if (count_next != 0 && count_this != 0 && count_next2 != 0)
     318           6 :           result[i] =
     319           6 :             (std::log(count_next2) * (-1.0) + std::log(count_next) * 4.0 -
     320           6 :              std::log(count_this) * 3.0) /
     321           6 :             (2.0 * binWidth);
     322             :       }
     323      387802 :     } else if (addr == addr_last) {
     324        2210 :       if (dimensions[i].isRealPeriodic() == true) {
     325        2178 :         const unsigned long int &count_prev = samples[addr - shifts[i]];
     326             :         const unsigned long int &count_next = samples[addr_first];
     327        2178 :         if (count_next != 0 && count_prev != 0)
     328        2160 :           result[i] =
     329        2160 :             (std::log(count_next) - std::log(count_prev)) / (2 * binWidth);
     330             :       } else {
     331          32 :         const unsigned long int &count_prev = samples[addr - shifts[i]];
     332          32 :         const unsigned long int &count_prev2 = samples[addr - shifts[i] * 2];
     333          32 :         if (count_prev != 0 && count_this != 0 && count_prev2 != 0)
     334           6 :           result[i] = (std::log(count_this) * 3.0 - std::log(count_prev) * 4.0 +
     335           6 :                        std::log(count_prev2)) /
     336           6 :                       (2.0 * binWidth);
     337             :       }
     338             :     } else {
     339      385592 :       const unsigned long int &count_prev = samples[addr - shifts[i]];
     340      385592 :       const unsigned long int &count_next = samples[addr + shifts[i]];
     341      385592 :       if (count_next != 0 && count_prev != 0)
     342      385432 :         result[i] =
     343      385432 :           (std::log(count_next) - std::log(count_prev)) / (2 * binWidth);
     344             :     }
     345             :   }
     346      195576 :   return result;
     347             : }
     348             : 
     349          26 : void DRRForceGrid::write1DPMF(string filename, const string &fmt) const {
     350          26 :   filename += suffix + ".pmf";
     351          52 :   std::string fmtv=fmt+" "+fmt+"\n";
     352             :   FILE *ppmf;
     353          26 :   ppmf = fopen(filename.c_str(), "w");
     354          26 :   const double w = dimensions[0].binWidth;
     355             :   double pmf = 0;
     356          26 :   fprintf(ppmf, fmtv.c_str(), endpoints[0], pmf);
     357        1166 :   for (size_t i = 0; i < dimensions[0].nbins; ++i) {
     358        1140 :     vector<double> pos(1, 0);
     359        1140 :     pos[0] = table[0][i];
     360        1140 :     const vector<double> f = getGradient(pos, true);
     361        1140 :     pmf += f[0] * w / outputunit;
     362        1140 :     fprintf(ppmf, fmtv.c_str(), endpoints[i + 1], pmf);
     363             :   }
     364          26 :   fclose(ppmf);
     365          26 : }
     366             : 
     367          36 : void DRRForceGrid::writeAll(const string &filename, const string &fmt, bool addition) const {
     368          36 :   const std::string countname = filename + suffix + ".count";
     369          36 :   const std::string gradname = filename + suffix + ".grad";
     370          36 :   std::string fmtv=" "+fmt;
     371          36 :   vector<double> pos(ndims, 0);
     372             :   FILE *pGrad, *pCount;
     373          36 :   if (addition) {
     374           8 :     pGrad = fopen(gradname.c_str(), "a");
     375           8 :     pCount = fopen(countname.c_str(), "a");
     376             :   } else {
     377          28 :     pGrad = fopen(gradname.c_str(), "w");
     378          28 :     pCount = fopen(countname.c_str(), "w");
     379             :   }
     380             : 
     381             :   char *buffer1, *buffer2;
     382          36 :   buffer1 = (char *)malloc((sizeof(double)) * sampleSize * ndims);
     383          36 :   buffer2 = (char *)malloc((sizeof(double)) * sampleSize * ndims);
     384          36 :   setvbuf(pGrad, buffer1, _IOFBF, (sizeof(double)) * sampleSize * ndims);
     385          36 :   setvbuf(pCount, buffer2, _IOFBF, (sizeof(double)) * sampleSize * ndims);
     386          36 :   fwrite(headers.c_str(), sizeof(char), strlen(headers.c_str()), pGrad);
     387          36 :   fwrite(headers.c_str(), sizeof(char), strlen(headers.c_str()), pCount);
     388       66048 :   for (size_t i = 0; i < sampleSize; ++i) {
     389      196896 :     for (size_t j = 0; j < ndims; ++j) {
     390      130884 :       pos[j] = table[j][i];
     391      130884 :       fprintf(pGrad, fmtv.c_str(), table[j][i]);
     392      130884 :       fprintf(pCount, fmtv.c_str(), table[j][i]);
     393             :     }
     394       66012 :     fprintf(pCount, " %lu\n", getCount(pos, true));
     395       66012 :     vector<double> f = getGradient(pos, true);
     396      196896 :     for (size_t j = 0; j < ndims; ++j) {
     397      130884 :       fprintf(pGrad, fmtv.c_str(), (f[j] / outputunit));
     398             :     }
     399             :     fprintf(pGrad, "\n");
     400             :   }
     401          36 :   fclose(pGrad);
     402          36 :   fclose(pCount);
     403          36 :   free(buffer1);
     404          36 :   free(buffer2);
     405          36 :   if (ndims == 1) {
     406          52 :     write1DPMF(filename, fmt);
     407             :   }
     408          36 : }
     409             : 
     410           2 : void DRRForceGrid::writeDivergence(const string &filename, const string &fmt) const {
     411           2 :   const string divname = filename + suffix + ".div";
     412           2 :   std::string fmtv=" "+fmt;
     413           2 :   vector<double> pos(ndims, 0);
     414             :   FILE *pDiv;
     415           2 :   pDiv = fopen(divname.c_str(), "w");
     416           2 :   fwrite(headers.c_str(), sizeof(char), strlen(headers.c_str()), pDiv);
     417       64802 :   for (size_t i = 0; i < sampleSize; ++i) {
     418      194400 :     for (size_t j = 0; j < ndims; ++j) {
     419      129600 :       pos[j] = table[j][i];
     420      129600 :       fprintf(pDiv, fmtv.c_str(), table[j][i]);
     421             :     }
     422       64800 :     const double divergence = getDivergence(pos);
     423       64800 :     fprintf(pDiv, fmtv.c_str(), (divergence / outputunit));
     424             :     fprintf(pDiv, "\n");
     425             :   }
     426           2 :   fclose(pDiv);
     427           2 : }
     428             : 
     429         123 : bool ABF::store_getbias(const vector<double> &pos, const vector<double> &f,
     430             :                         vector<double> &fbias) {
     431         123 :   if (!isInBoundary(pos)) {
     432             :     std::fill(begin(fbias), end(fbias), 0.0);
     433             :     return false;
     434             :   }
     435         123 :   const size_t baseaddr = sampleAddress(pos);
     436             :   unsigned long int &count = samples[baseaddr];
     437         123 :   ++count;
     438         123 :   double factor = 2 * (static_cast<double>(count)) / mFullSamples - 1;
     439         123 :   auto it_fa = begin(forces) + baseaddr * ndims;
     440             :   auto it_fb = begin(fbias);
     441             :   auto it_f = begin(f);
     442             :   auto it_maxFactor = begin(mMaxFactors);
     443             :   do {
     444             :     // Clamp to [0,maxFactors]
     445         207 :     factor = factor < 0 ? 0 : factor > (*it_maxFactor) ? (*it_maxFactor) : factor;
     446         207 :     (*it_fa) += (*it_f); // Accumulate instantaneous force
     447         207 :     (*it_fb) = factor * (*it_fa) * (-1.0) /
     448         207 :                static_cast<double>(count); // Calculate bias force
     449             :     ++it_fa;
     450             :     ++it_fb;
     451             :     ++it_f;
     452             :     ++it_maxFactor;
     453         207 :   } while (it_f != end(f));
     454             : 
     455             :   return true;
     456             : }
     457             : 
     458           2 : ABF ABF::mergewindow(const ABF &aWA, const ABF &aWB) {
     459           2 :   const vector<DRRAxis> dR = merge(aWA.dimensions, aWB.dimensions);
     460           2 :   const string suffix = ".abf";
     461           2 :   ABF result(dR, suffix);
     462           2 :   const size_t nrows = result.sampleSize;
     463           2 :   const size_t ncols = result.ndims;
     464           2 :   vector<double> pos(ncols, 0);
     465         402 :   for (size_t i = 0; i < nrows; ++i) {
     466         800 :     for (size_t j = 0; j < ncols; ++j) {
     467         400 :       pos[j] = result.table[j][i];
     468             :     }
     469         400 :     const unsigned long int countA = aWA.getCount(pos);
     470         400 :     const unsigned long int countB = aWB.getCount(pos);
     471         400 :     const vector<double> aForceA = aWA.getAccumulatedForces(pos);
     472         400 :     const vector<double> aForceB = aWB.getAccumulatedForces(pos);
     473         400 :     result.store(pos, aForceA, countA);
     474         400 :     result.store(pos, aForceB, countB);
     475             :   }
     476           2 :   return result;
     477           0 : }
     478             : 
     479      195576 : vector<double> CZAR::getGradient(const vector<double> &pos,
     480             :                                  bool SkipCheck) const {
     481      195576 :   vector<double> result(ndims, 0);
     482      195576 :   if (!SkipCheck) {
     483      162000 :     if (!isInBoundary(pos)) {
     484             :       return result;
     485             :     }
     486             :   }
     487      195576 :   if (kbt <= std::numeric_limits<double>::epsilon()) {
     488             :     std::cerr << "ERROR! The kbt shouldn't be zero when use CZAR estimator. "
     489           0 :               << '\n';
     490           0 :     std::abort();
     491             :   }
     492      195576 :   const size_t baseaddr = sampleAddress(pos);
     493      195576 :   const vector<double> log_deriv(getCountsLogDerivative(pos));
     494             :   const unsigned long int &count = samples[baseaddr];
     495      195576 :   if (count == 0) {
     496             :     return result;
     497             :   }
     498      195421 :   auto it_fa = begin(forces) + baseaddr * ndims;
     499      195421 :   std::transform(it_fa, it_fa + ndims, begin(log_deriv), begin(result),
     500      389822 :   [&count, this](double fa, double ld) {
     501      389822 :     return fa * (-1.0) / count - kbt * ld;
     502             :   });
     503      195421 :   return result;
     504             : }
     505             : 
     506           2 : CZAR CZAR::mergewindow(const CZAR &cWA, const CZAR &cWB) {
     507           2 :   const vector<DRRAxis> dR = merge(cWA.dimensions, cWB.dimensions);
     508           2 :   const double newkbt = cWA.kbt;
     509           2 :   const string suffix = ".czar";
     510             :   CZAR result(dR, suffix, newkbt);
     511           2 :   const size_t nrows = result.sampleSize;
     512           2 :   const size_t ncols = result.ndims;
     513           2 :   vector<double> pos(ncols, 0);
     514         402 :   for (size_t i = 0; i < nrows; ++i) {
     515         800 :     for (size_t j = 0; j < ncols; ++j) {
     516         400 :       pos[j] = result.table[j][i];
     517             :     }
     518         400 :     const unsigned long int countA = cWA.getCount(pos);
     519         400 :     const unsigned long int countB = cWB.getCount(pos);
     520         400 :     const vector<double> aForceA = cWA.getAccumulatedForces(pos);
     521         400 :     const vector<double> aForceB = cWB.getAccumulatedForces(pos);
     522         400 :     result.store(pos, aForceA, countA);
     523         400 :     result.store(pos, aForceB, countB);
     524             :   }
     525           2 :   return result;
     526             : }
     527             : 
     528          18 : void CZAR:: writeZCountZGrad(const string &filename, bool addition) const {
     529          18 :   const string countname = filename + ".zcount";
     530          18 :   const string gradname = filename + ".zgrad";
     531          18 :   vector<double> pos(ndims, 0);
     532             :   FILE *pCount;
     533             :   FILE *pGrad;
     534          18 :   if (addition) {
     535           4 :     pCount = fopen(countname.c_str(), "a");
     536           4 :     pGrad = fopen(gradname.c_str(), "a");
     537             :   } else {
     538          14 :     pCount = fopen(countname.c_str(), "w");
     539          14 :     pGrad = fopen(gradname.c_str(), "w");
     540             :   }
     541          18 :   fwrite(headers.c_str(), sizeof(char), strlen(headers.c_str()), pCount);
     542          18 :   fwrite(headers.c_str(), sizeof(char), strlen(headers.c_str()), pGrad);
     543       33024 :   for (size_t i = 0; i < sampleSize; ++i) {
     544       98448 :     for (size_t j = 0; j < ndims; ++j) {
     545       65442 :       pos[j] = table[j][i];
     546       65442 :       fprintf(pCount, " %.9f", table[j][i]);
     547       65442 :       fprintf(pGrad, " %.9f", table[j][i]);
     548             :     }
     549       33006 :     const size_t baseaddr = sampleAddress(pos);
     550             :     const auto& current_sample = samples[baseaddr];
     551       33006 :     fprintf(pCount, " %lu\n", current_sample);
     552       33006 :     if (current_sample == 0) {
     553         195 :       for (size_t j = 0; j < ndims; ++j) {
     554             :         fprintf(pGrad, " %.9f", 0.0);
     555             :       }
     556             :     } else {
     557       98253 :       for (size_t j = 0; j < ndims; ++j) {
     558       65332 :         const double grad = -1.0 * forces[baseaddr * ndims + j] / current_sample;
     559       65332 :         fprintf(pGrad, " %.9f", grad / outputunit);
     560             :       }
     561             :     }
     562             :     fprintf(pGrad, "\n");
     563             :   }
     564          18 :   fclose(pCount);
     565          18 :   fclose(pGrad);
     566          18 : }
     567             : 
     568             : }
     569             : }
     570             : 
     571             : #endif

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